Ukuthuthukiswa kanye Trend Technical Of Ceramic Ufaka Materials

Ukuthuthukiswa kanye nomkhuba wezobuchwepheshe wezinto ze-ceramic blade

Ekwenziweni kwemishini, leli thuluzi belilokhu libizwa ngokuthi "amazinyo enziwe yizimboni", futhi ukusebenza kokusika kwezinto zamathuluzi kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezinquma ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yokucubungula. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha okulungile kwezinto zamathuluzi okusika Okubalulekile, imimese ye-ceramic, enokumelana nokushisa okukhulu kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali, kubonisa izinzuzo ukuthi amathuluzi endabuko angeke afane emkhakheni wokusika ngesivinini esikhulu nokusika izinto ezinzima zomshini, kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zemimese ye-ceramic yi-Al no-Si. Okucebile okungaphakathi koqweqwe lomhlaba kungashiwo njengokungapheli futhi akupheli. Ngakho-ke, ithemba lokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi amasha e-ceramic libanzi kakhulu.

Okokuqala, uhlobo lwamathuluzi e-ceramic

Inqubekelaphambili yezinto zamathuluzi e-ceramic igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwezinto ze-ceramic zamathuluzi endabuko, ukucwenga okusanhlamvu, ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye, ukumboza, ukuthuthukisa inqubo ye-sintering nokuthuthukisa imikhiqizo emisha, ukuze kutholwe ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka nokumelana. Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwe-chipping futhi kungahlangabezana nezidingo zemishini yokunemba enesivinini esikhulu. I-Henan Institute of Superhard Materials ingahlukanisa cishe izinto zamathuluzi e-ceramic zibe izigaba ezintathu: i-alumina, i-silicon nitride ne-boron nitride (amathuluzi e-cubic boron nitride). Emkhakheni wokusika insimbi, ama-alumina ceramic blades kanye nama-silicon nitride ceramic blades abizwa ndawonye ngokuthi ama-ceramic blades; ezintweni ezingezona ezensimbi ezingaphili, izinto zokwakha ze-cubic boron nitride ziyingxenye enkulu yezinto zobumba. Okulandelayo yizici zezinhlobo ezintathu zezitsha zobumba.

(1) I-ceramic esekelwe ku-alumina (Al2O3): I-Ni, Co, W, noma okunye okunjalo kwengezwa njengensimbi yokuhlanganisa ku-ceramic esekelwe ku-carbide, futhi amandla okubopha phakathi kwe-alumina ne-carbide angathuthukiswa. Inokumelana nokugqoka okuhle nokumelana nokushisa, futhi ukuzinza kwayo kwamakhemikhali okushisa okuphezulu akulula ukuhlangana noma ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngensimbi. Ngakho-ke, abasiki be-ceramic base-alumina banebanga lesicelo elibanzi kakhulu, elifanele insimbi nensimbi ephonswe. High-speed machining ama-alloys ayo; ngenxa yokumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo okuthuthukisiwe, ingabuye isetshenziselwe ukugaya noma ukuhlela ngaphansi kwezimo zokusika eziphazamisekile, kodwa ayifanele ukucubungula ama-alloys e-aluminium, ama-titanium alloys nama-niobium alloys, ngaphandle kwalokho ijwayele ukugqokwa kwamakhemikhali.

(2) Isisiki se-ceramic esisekelwe ku-silicon nitride (Si3N4): Kuyi-ceramic eyenziwe ngokwengeza inani elifanelekile le-carbide yensimbi kanye ne-ejenti yokuqinisa insimbi ku-silicon nitride matrix, nokusebenzisa umphumela oqinisayo oyinhlanganisela (obuye ubizwe ngokuthi umphumela wokuqinisa ukuhlakazeka). Ibonakala ngobulukhuni obukhulu, ukumelana nokugqoka okuhle, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation, futhi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-silicon nitride ne-carbon kanye nezakhi zensimbi kuncane, futhi isici sokungqubuzana siphansi. Ifanele ukuqeda, ukuqeda kancane, ukuqeda noma ukuqeda kancane.

(3) I-Boron nitride ceramic (i-cubic boron nitride cutter): ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa, ukuguquguquka okuhle kwe-thermal, i-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, kanye ne-coefficient encane yokunwetshwa komugqa. Isibonelo, ithuluzi le-Hualing cubic boron nitride Ibanga le-BN-S20 lisetshenziselwa insimbi eqinile eqinile, ibanga le-BN-H10 lisetshenziselwa ukuqeda insimbi eqinile eqinile, ibanga le-BN-K1 licutshungulwa ubulukhuni obuphezulu bensimbi, ibanga le-BN-S30 lezinga eliphezulu lokusika umlotha Insimbi yokufaka iyonga kakhulu kunokufakwa kwe-ceramic.

Okwesibili, izici zamathuluzi e-ceramic

Izici zamathuluzi e-ceramic: (1) ukumelana okuhle kokugqoka; (2) ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ubulukhuni obuhle obubomvu; (3) ukuqina kwamathuluzi kuphindwe izikhathi eziningana noma izikhathi eziningana ngaphezu kwamathuluzi endabuko, kunciphisa inani lezinguquko zamathuluzi ngesikhathi sokucubungula, kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Small taper kanye nokunemba okuphezulu kwe-workpiece ezokwenziwa ngomshini; (4) ngeke nje isetshenziselwe ukugoqa nokuqeda izinto ezinokuqina okuphezulu, kodwa futhi nokwenza imishini enomthelela omkhulu njengokugaya, ukuhlela, ukusika okuphazamisekile kanye nokugwaza okungenalutho; (5) Uma i-ceramic blade inqunywa, ukungqubuzana ngensimbi kuncane, ukusika akulula ukuboshwa ku-blade, unqenqema olwakhiwe akulula ukwenzeka, futhi ukusika ngesivinini esiphezulu kungenziwa.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa kwe-carbide enosimende, ukufakwa kwe-ceramic kungakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-2000 ° C, kuyilapho ama-alloys aqinile athambile ku-800 ° C; ngakho-ke amathuluzi e-ceramic anokuqina okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali okushisa futhi angasikwa ngesivinini esikhulu, kodwa okubi ukufakwa kwe-ceramic. Amandla nokuqina kuphansi futhi kulula ukuphuka. Kamuva, i-boron nitride ceramics (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi amathuluzi we-cubic boron nitride) yethulwa, esetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuguqula, ukugaya, kanye nezinto eziyisicefe eziqinile. Ukuqina kwe-cubic boron nitride cutters kuphakeme kakhulu kunokufaka kwe-ceramic. Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu, ibizwa nangokuthi i-superhard material enedayimane. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukucubungula izinto ezinobunzima obungaphezu kwe-HRC48. Inokuqina okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu - kufika ku-2000 ° C, nakuba I-brittle ngaphezu kwama-carbide blades, kodwa ithuthukise kakhulu amandla omthelela nokumelana nokuchoboza uma kuqhathaniswa namathuluzi e-alumina ceramic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuluzi athile akhethekile ayi-cubic boron nitride (afana ne-Huachao Super Hard BN-K1 kanye ne-BN-S20) angakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo we-chip wokusebenza kanzima futhi angamelana nomthelela wokwenza imishini nokuqeda ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukushisa kokugqoka nokusika, lezi zici zingahlangabezana nokucutshungulwa okunzima kwensimbi eqinile kanye nokuqina okuphezulu kwensimbi enamathuluzi e-cubic boron nitride.