Chitukuko ndi luso laukadaulo la Ceramic Insert Zida

Kukula ndi luso laukadaulo wa zida za ceramic tsamba

Mu Machining, chida nthawi zonse amatchedwa "mano opangidwa mafakitale", ndi kudula ntchito zida chida ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kudziwa dzuwa kupanga, mtengo kupanga ndi khalidwe processing. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kolondola kwa zida zodulira zida ndizofunikira kwambiri, mipeni ya ceramic, yokhala ndi kukana kwambiri kutentha, kukana kuvala ndi kukhazikika kwamankhwala, kuwonetsa zabwino zomwe zida zachikhalidwe sizingafanane m'munda wa kudula kothamanga kwambiri ndi kudula zida zovuta ku makina, komanso zida zazikulu za mipeni ya ceramic ndi Al ndi Si. Zolemera zomwe zili m'nthaka ya dziko lapansi tinganene kuti sizitha komanso sizitha. Chifukwa chake, chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano za ceramic ndi yayikulu kwambiri.

Choyamba, mtundu wa zida za ceramic

Kupita patsogolo kwa zida za ceramic kumayang'ana pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a zida zadothi zadothi, kuyenga mbewu, kuphatikizika kwazinthu, zokutira, kukonza njira zopangira sintering ndikupanga zinthu zatsopano, kuti athe kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana kuvala ndi kukana. Kuchita bwino kwambiri kwa tchipping ndipo kumatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zamakina othamanga kwambiri. Henan Institute of Superhard Materials amatha kugawa pafupifupi zida za ceramic m'magulu atatu: alumina, silicon nitride ndi boron nitride (zida za kiyubiki boron nitride). Pankhani yodula zitsulo, masamba a alumina ceramic ndi silicon nitride ceramic masamba onse amatchulidwa kuti masamba a ceramic; muzinthu zopanda chitsulo, cubic boron nitride ndi gulu lalikulu la zida za ceramic. Zotsatirazi ndi makhalidwe a mitundu itatu ya ceramic.

(1) Alumina (Al2O3) - ceramic ceramic: Ni, Co, W, kapena zina zoterozo zimawonjezedwa ngati zitsulo zomangira ku carbide-based ceramic, ndipo mphamvu yogwirizanitsa pakati pa aluminiyamu ndi carbide ikhoza kukhala yabwino. Ili ndi kukana kwabwino kwa kuvala komanso kukana kutentha, ndipo kukhazikika kwake kwamankhwala kutentha sikophweka kwa interdif kapena kuchitira mankhwala ndi chitsulo. Chifukwa chake, odula a aluminiyamu opangidwa ndi ceramic ali ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito, yoyenera chitsulo ndi chitsulo choponyedwa. High-liwiro Machining a kaloti ake; chifukwa cha kukana kwamphamvu kwamafuta, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mphero kapena planing pansi pazovuta zodula, koma sizoyenera kupangira ma aloyi a aluminiyamu, ma aloyi a titaniyamu ndi ma aloyi a niobium, apo ayi sachedwa kuvala mankhwala.

(2) Silicon nitride (Si3N4)-based ceramic cutter: Ndi ceramic yopangidwa mwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwa zitsulo za carbide ndi chitsulo cholimbikitsira ku silicon nitride matrix, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yolimbikitsira (yomwe imatchedwanso kuti kubalalitsidwa kulimbitsa). Amadziwika ndi kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kuvala bwino, kukana kutentha kwabwino komanso kukana kwa okosijeni, komanso momwe zimachitikira pakati pa silicon nitride ndi kaboni ndi zitsulo ndizochepa, ndipo kugundana kumakhala kochepa. Oyenera kumaliza, semi-finishing, kumaliza kapena semi-finishing.

(3) Boron nitride ceramic (cubic boron nitride cutter): kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kuvala, kukana kutentha kwabwino, kukhazikika kwamafuta abwino, kukhathamiritsa kwamafuta abwino, kugundana kocheperako, ndi kukulitsa kocheperako. Mwachitsanzo, Hualing kiyubiki boron nitride chida BN-S20 kalasi ntchito roughing chitsulo, BN-H10 kalasi ntchito pa liwiro kumalizitsa chitsulo owumitsidwa, BN-K1 kalasi ndi kukonzedwa mkulu kuuma chitsulo, BN-S30 kalasi mkulu liwiro kudula phulusa Kutaya Chitsulo ndi ndalama zambiri kuposa zoikamo ceramic.

Chachiwiri, mawonekedwe a zida za ceramic

Makhalidwe a zida za ceramic: (1) kukana bwino kuvala; (2) kukana kutentha kwambiri, kuuma bwino kofiira; (3) chida durability ndi kangapo kapena kangapo kuposa zida zachikhalidwe, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha kusintha chida pa processing, kuonetsetsa Small taper ndi mkulu mwatsatanetsatane workpiece kuti makina; (4) osati angagwiritsidwe ntchito roughing ndi kutsiriza kwa mkulu-kuuma zipangizo, komanso machining ndi mphamvu yaikulu monga mphero, planing, inasokonekera kudula ndi akusowekapo roughing; (5) Pamene tsamba la ceramic likudulidwa, kukangana ndi chitsulo kumakhala kochepa, kudula sikophweka kumangiriridwa ndi tsamba, kumangidwanso m'mphepete sikophweka, ndipo kudula kothamanga kungathe kuchitidwa.

Poyerekeza ndi zoyikapo simenti ya carbide, zoyikapo za ceramic zimatha kupirira kutentha kwa 2000 ° C, pomwe ma alloys olimba amakhala ofewa pa 800 ° C; kotero zida za ceramic zimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa mankhwala ndipo zimatha kudulidwa pa liwiro lalikulu, koma kuipa kwake ndikuyika kwa ceramic. Mphamvu ndi kulimba ndizochepa komanso zosavuta kuswa. Pambuyo pake, zida za ceramic za boron nitride (zomwe zimadziwika kuti zida za cubic boron nitride) zidayambitsidwa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potembenuza, mphero, ndi zinthu zolimba kwambiri. Kuuma kwa ma cubic boron nitride cutters ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kuyika kwa ceramic. Chifukwa cha kuuma kwake kwakukulu, imatchedwanso superhard material ndi diamondi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zolimba kuposa HRC48. Ili ndi kuuma kwambiri kwa kutentha kwambiri - mpaka 2000 ° C, ngakhale Ndi yolimba kwambiri kuposa masamba a simenti ya carbide, koma yasintha kwambiri mphamvu yamphamvu ndikuphwanya kukana poyerekeza ndi zida za alumina ceramic. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zina zapadera za kiyubiki za boron nitride (monga Huachao Super Hard BN-K1 ndi BN-S20) zimatha kupirira chip katundu wa makina ovuta ndipo zimatha kupirira kukhudzidwa kwapakatikati ndikumaliza. Kuvala ndi kudula kutentha, makhalidwe amenewa akhoza kukumana ndi zovuta processing wa chitsulo chowumitsidwa ndi mkulu kuuma kuponyedwa chitsulo ndi zida kiyubiki boron nitride.