Ci gaba Da Fasahar Fasaha Na Abubuwan Saka yumbu

Haɓakawa da fasaha na kayan aikin yumbura

A cikin injina, ana kiran kayan aikin koyaushe "haƙoran masana'antu", kuma yanke aikin kayan aikin yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke tabbatar da ingancin samarwa, farashin samarwa da ingancin sarrafawa. Sabili da haka, daidaitaccen zaɓi na yankan kayan aiki yana da mahimmanci, wukake yumbu, tare da kyakkyawan juriya na zafi, juriya da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, suna nuna fa'idodin da kayan aikin gargajiya ba za su iya daidaitawa ba a fagen babban saurin yankewa da yankan kayan aiki mai wahala-zuwa na'ura, kuma manyan albarkatun ƙasa na wukake yumbu sune Al da Si. Abubuwan da ke cikin ɓawon burodin ƙasa za a iya cewa ba su ƙarewa kuma ba su ƙarewa. Sabili da haka, fatan aikace-aikacen sabbin kayan aikin yumbu yana da faɗi sosai.

Na farko, nau'in kayan aikin yumbu

Ci gaban kayan aikin yumbura yana mayar da hankali kan inganta aikin kayan aikin yumbu na kayan aiki na gargajiya, gyaran gyare-gyaren hatsi, haɓaka kayan aiki, sutura, inganta tsarin sintiri da haɓaka sababbin samfurori, don samun ƙarfin zafin jiki, juriya da juriya. Kyakkyawan aikin chipping kuma yana iya biyan buƙatun ingantattun mashin ɗin cikin sauri. Cibiyar Henan ta Superhard Materials na iya rarraba kayan aikin yumbu zuwa sassa uku: alumina, silicon nitride da boron nitride (cubic boron nitride Tools). A fagen yankan karfe, alumina yumbu ruwan wukake da silikon nitride yumbu ruwan wukake ana kiranta da ruwan yumbu; a cikin kayan da ba na ƙarfe ba na inorganic, kayan aikin boron nitride suna cikin babban aji na kayan yumbu. Wadannan su ne halayen nau'ikan yumbu iri uku.

(1) Alumina (Al2O3) - tushen yumbu: Ni, Co, W, ko makamancin haka an ƙara shi azaman ƙarfe mai ɗaure zuwa yumbu na tushen carbide, kuma ana iya haɓaka ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin alumina da carbide. Yana da juriya mai kyau da juriya na zafi, kuma kwanciyar hankalin sinadarai na zafin jiki ba shi da sauƙin shiga tsakani ko halayen sinadaran da ƙarfe. Sabili da haka, masu yankan yumbu na tushen alumina suna da mafi girman kewayon aikace-aikacen, dacewa da ƙarfe da simintin ƙarfe. Machining high-gudun na gami; saboda ingantaccen juriya na thermal shock, ana iya amfani da shi don niƙa ko tsarawa a ƙarƙashin katsewar yanayin yanke, amma bai dace da sarrafa allunan aluminium, alloys titanium da niobium gami ba, in ba haka ba yana da saurin lalacewa.

(2) Silicon nitride (Si3N4) - tushen yumbu mai yankan: Yana da yumbu da aka yi ta hanyar ƙara daidaitaccen adadin ƙarfe na carbide da wakili mai ƙarfafa ƙarfe zuwa matrix silicon nitride matrix, da kuma yin amfani da tasirin ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa (wanda ake magana da shi azaman tasirin ƙarfafawar watsawa). Yana da alaƙa da tsananin ƙarfi, juriya mai kyau, tsayayyar zafi mai kyau da juriya na iskar shaka, da halayen sinadarai tsakanin silicon nitride da carbon da abubuwan ƙarfe kaɗan ne, kuma yanayin juriya shima ƙasa ne. Ya dace da kammalawa, kammalawa, kammalawa ko kammalawa.

(3) Boron nitride yumbu (cubic boron nitride cutter): babban taurin, juriya mai kyau, juriya mai kyau na zafi, kyakkyawar kwanciyar hankali na thermal, kyakkyawan yanayin zafi, ƙarancin juzu'i, da ƙananan haɓakar haɓakar layin layi. Misali, Hualing cubic boron nitride tool BN-S20 grade da ake amfani da roughing taurare karfe, BN-H10 grade da ake amfani da high gudun karewa taurare karfe, BN-K1 sa ake sarrafa high taurin jefa baƙin ƙarfe, BN-S30 sa high gudun yankan ash Cast baƙin ƙarfe ne mafi tattali fiye da yumbu abun da ake sakawa.

Na biyu, halaye na kayan aikin yumbu

Halayen kayan aikin yumbu: (1) juriya mai kyau; (2) high zafin jiki juriya, mai kyau ja taurin; (3) ƙarfin kayan aiki sau da yawa ko ma sau da yawa mafi girma fiye da kayan aikin gargajiya, rage yawan sauye-sauyen kayan aiki yayin aiki, tabbatar da Ƙananan taper da babban madaidaicin kayan aikin da za a yi; (4) ba wai kawai za a iya amfani da shi ba don roughing da kuma ƙare na high-taurin kayan, amma kuma ga machining tare da babban tasiri kamar niƙa, planing, yanke yanke da kuma m roughing; (5) Lokacin da aka yanke ruwan yumbura, juzu'i tare da karfe yana da ƙananan, yanke ba shi da sauƙi a haɗa shi da ruwa, ginin da aka gina ba shi da sauƙi ya faru, kuma za'a iya yin yankan sauri.

Idan aka kwatanta da ciminti carbide abun da ake sakawa, yumbu abun da ake sakawa zai iya jure yanayin zafi mai zafi na 2000 ° C, yayin da allura masu ƙarfi suka zama taushi a 800 ° C; don haka kayan aikin yumbu suna da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai masu zafi kuma ana iya yanke su cikin babban sauri, amma rashin amfani shine yumbu abun da ake sakawa. Ƙarfi da taurin suna ƙasa da sauƙin karya. Daga baya, boron nitride yumbura (wanda ake kira cubic boron nitride Tools) an gabatar da su, waɗanda akasari ana amfani da su don juyewa, niƙa, da kayan aiki masu wahala. Taurin masu yankan boron nitride mai siffar cubic ya fi na yumbu abun da ake sakawa. Saboda tsananin taurinsa, ana kuma kiransa superhard abu tare da lu'u-lu'u. Ana yawan amfani dashi don sarrafa kayan tare da taurin sama sama da HRC48. Yana da kyau kwarai high zafin jiki taurin - har zuwa 2000 ° C, ko da yake Ya fi gaggautsa fiye da siminti carbide ruwan wukake, amma ya muhimmanci inganta tasiri ƙarfi da murkushe juriya idan aka kwatanta da alumina yumbu kayan aikin. Bugu da kari, wasu kayan aikin nitride na cubic boron na musamman (kamar Huachao Super Hard BN-K1 da BN-S20) na iya jure nauyin guntu na injina mai tsauri kuma suna iya jure tasirin injina da gamawa. Rashin lalacewa da yanke zafi, waɗannan halaye na iya saduwa da aiki mai wahala na ƙarfe mai tauri da babban ƙarfin simintin ƙarfe tare da kayan aikin boron nitride mai siffar sukari.