Idagbasoke Ati Iyipada Imọ-ẹrọ Ninu Awọn ohun elo Awọn ifibọ seramiki

Development and technical trend of ceramic blade materials

Ni ṣiṣe ẹrọ, ọpa nigbagbogbo ni a npe ni "awọn eyin ti a ṣe ni ile-iṣẹ", ati iṣẹ gige ti ohun elo ọpa jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ifosiwewe bọtini ti npinnu ṣiṣe iṣelọpọ rẹ, idiyele iṣelọpọ ati didara sisẹ. Nitorinaa, yiyan ti o tọ ti gige ohun elo ọpa jẹ Pataki, awọn ọbẹ seramiki, pẹlu resistance ooru to dara julọ, wọ resistance ati iduroṣinṣin kemikali, ṣafihan awọn anfani ti awọn irinṣẹ ibile ko le baamu ni aaye ti gige iyara-giga ati gige awọn ohun elo ti o nira-si-ẹrọ, ati awọn ohun elo aise akọkọ ti awọn ọbẹ seramiki jẹ Al ati Si. The rich content in the earth's crust can be said to be inexhaustible and inexhaustible. Therefore, the application prospect of new ceramic tools is very broad.

Ni akọkọ, iru awọn irinṣẹ seramiki

Ilọsiwaju ti awọn ohun elo ohun elo seramiki ti wa ni idojukọ lori imudarasi iṣẹ ti awọn ohun elo seramiki ohun elo ibile, awọn oka ti n ṣatunṣe, idapọ paati, ti a bo, imudarasi ilana sintering ati idagbasoke awọn ọja titun, lati le gba iwọn otutu ti o ga julọ, resistance resistance ati resistance. Excellent chipping performance and can meet the needs of high-speed precision machining. Henan Institute of Superhard Materials le pin aijọju awọn ohun elo ohun elo seramiki si awọn ẹka mẹta: alumina, silicon nitride ati boron nitride (awọn irinṣẹ boron nitride cubic). In the field of metal cutting, alumina ceramic blades and silicon nitride ceramic blades are collectively referred to as ceramic blades; in inorganic non-metal materials, cubic boron nitride materials belong to a large class of ceramic materials. The following are the characteristics of the three types of ceramics.

(1) Alumina (Al2O3) - seramiki ti o da lori: Ni, Co, W, tabi irufẹ ti wa ni afikun bi irin-apapọ si seramiki ti o da lori carbide, ati agbara asopọ laarin alumina ati carbide le dara si. O ni o ni ti o dara yiya resistance ati ooru resistance, ati awọn oniwe-giga otutu kemikali iduroṣinṣin ni ko rorun lati interdif tabi kemikali lenu pẹlu irin. Therefore, alumina-based ceramic cutters have the widest application range, suitable for steel and cast iron. Ga-iyara machining ti awọn oniwe-alloys; nitori imudara mọnamọna igbona ti o dara, o tun le ṣee lo fun milling tabi gbero labẹ awọn ipo gige idilọwọ, ṣugbọn ko dara fun sisẹ awọn alumọni aluminiomu, awọn ohun elo titanium ati awọn ohun elo niobium, bibẹẹkọ o ni itara si yiya kemikali.

(2) Ohun alumọni nitride (Si3N4) -pipa seramiki ti o da: O jẹ seramiki ti a ṣe nipasẹ fifi iye to dara ti carbide irin ati oluranlowo imuduro irin si matrix nitride silikoni, ati lilo ipa agbara idapọpọ (tun tọka si bi ipa agbara pipinka). O jẹ ijuwe nipasẹ líle giga, resistance yiya ti o dara, resistance ooru ti o dara ati resistance ifoyina, ati iṣesi kemikali laarin ohun alumọni nitride ati erogba ati awọn eroja irin jẹ kekere, ati ifosiwewe ikọlu tun jẹ kekere. Suitable for finishing, semi-finishing, finishing or semi-finishing.

(3) Boron nitride seramiki (cubic boron nitride cu Fun apẹẹrẹ, Hualing cubic boron nitride tool BN-S20 grade ti wa ni lilo fun roughing lile, irin, BN-H10 grade ti wa ni lo fun ga iyara finishing lile irin, BN-K1 grade ti wa ni ilọsiwaju ga líle simẹnti irin, BN-S30 grade ga iyara gige eeru Cast iron jẹ diẹ ti ọrọ-aje ju seramiki awọn ifibọ.

Keji, awọn abuda kan ti seramiki irinṣẹ

Awọn abuda ti awọn irinṣẹ seramiki: (1) resistance resistance to dara; (2) ga otutu resistance, ti o dara pupa líle; (3) Agbara ọpa jẹ awọn igba pupọ tabi paapaa ni igba pupọ ti o ga ju awọn irinṣẹ ibile lọ, idinku nọmba awọn iyipada ọpa lakoko sisẹ, aridaju kekere taper ati konge giga ti workpiece lati wa ni ẹrọ; (4) kii ṣe nikan ni a le lo fun roughing ati ipari ti awọn ohun elo ti o ga-lile, ṣugbọn tun fun ṣiṣe ẹrọ pẹlu ipa nla gẹgẹbi milling, planing, Idilọwọ gige ati fifọ òfo; (5) Nigbati a ba ge abẹfẹlẹ seramiki, ijakadi pẹlu irin naa jẹ kekere, gige naa ko rọrun lati ni asopọ si abẹfẹlẹ, eti ti a ṣe ko rọrun lati waye, ati gige iyara giga le ṣee ṣe.

Ti a bawe pẹlu awọn ifibọ carbide cemented, awọn ifibọ seramiki le duro awọn iwọn otutu giga ti 2000 ° C, lakoko ti awọn ohun elo lile di asọ ni 800 ° C; nitorina awọn irinṣẹ seramiki ni iduroṣinṣin kemikali otutu ti o ga julọ ati pe a le ge ni iyara giga, ṣugbọn ailagbara jẹ awọn ifibọ seramiki. Agbara ati lile jẹ kekere ati rọrun lati fọ. Nigbamii, boron nitride ceramics (eyi ti a tọka si bi awọn irinṣẹ boron nitride cubic) ni a ṣe agbekalẹ, eyiti a lo ni pataki fun titan, milling, ati awọn ohun elo alaidun alaidun. Lile ti onigun boron nitride cutters ga pupọ ju ti awọn ifibọ seramiki lọ. Nitori líle giga rẹ, o tun pe ni ohun elo superhard pẹlu diamond. O jẹ lilo nigbagbogbo lati ṣe ilana awọn ohun elo pẹlu lile ti o ga ju HRC48. O ni líle iwọn otutu giga ti o dara julọ - to 2000 ° C, botilẹjẹpe O jẹ brittle diẹ sii ju awọn abẹfẹlẹ carbide ti simenti, ṣugbọn o ti ni ilọsiwaju agbara ipa ni pataki ati resistance resistance ni akawe si awọn irinṣẹ seramiki alumina. Ni afikun, diẹ ninu awọn irinṣẹ pataki onigun boron nitride (gẹgẹbi Huachao Super Hard BN-K1 ati BN-S20) le ṣe idiwọ ẹru chirún ti ẹrọ ti o ni inira ati pe o le koju ipa ti iṣelọpọ lainidii ati ipari. Yiya ati gige ooru, awọn abuda wọnyi le pade iṣelọpọ ti o nira ti irin lile ati irin simẹnti lile pẹlu awọn irinṣẹ nitride onigun.