Ukufakwa kwentsimbi eQinisiweyo ngePCBN Cutter

Slotting yentsimbi lukhuni kunye PCBN cutter

Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, ukuchaneka kwe-grooving yamalungu entsimbi eqinile kunye ne-polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) efakelwayo kuye kwathatha indawo kancinane yokusila. UTyler Economan, umphathi wobunjineli bebhidi kwi-Index, eU.SA, uthe, "Ngokubanzi, i-grooves yokusila yinkqubo ezinzile ngakumbi ebonelela ngokuchaneka okuphezulu komgangatho kune-grooving. Nangona kunjalo, abantu basafuna ukukwazi ukugqiba i-workpiece kwi-lathe. Kuyafuneka ukuba kuqhutywe inkqubo ehlukeneyo."

Izinto ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza eziye zaqiniswa zibandakanya isantya esiphezulu sentsimbi, intsimbi yokufa, intsimbi yokuthwala kunye nentsimbi yealloy. Iintsimbi zentsimbi kuphela zinokuqiniswa, kwaye iinkqubo zokuqina zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiintsimbi eziphantsi zekhabhoni. Ngonyango olunzima, ubunzima bangaphandle bomsebenzi bunokwenziwa phezulu kwaye bunxibe, ngelixa ingaphakathi linobunzima obungcono. Amacandelo enziwe ngentsimbi eqinile ibandakanya i-mandrels, i-axles, izihlanganisi, amavili okuqhuba, i-camshafts, i-gear, i-bushings, i-shafts drive, iibheringi, kunye nokunye okunjalo.

Nangona kunjalo, "izinto ezilukhuni" zihambelana, zitshintsha ingcamango. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba izixhobo zokusebenza ezinobunzima be-40-55 HRC zizinto ezinzima; abanye bakholelwa ukuba ubunzima bezinto ezinzima kufuneka zibe yi-58-60 HRC okanye ngaphezulu. Kolu luhlu, izixhobo zePCBN zinokusetyenziswa.

Emva kokuqina kwe-induction, umaleko owenziwe lukhuni ungafikelela kwi-1.5mm ubukhulu kwaye ukuqina kunokufikelela kwi-58-60 HRC, ngelixa izinto ezingaphantsi komgangatho ongaphezulu zihlala zithambile kakhulu. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba uninzi lokusika lwenziwa ngaphantsi komgangatho olukhuni.

Izixhobo zoomatshini ezinamandla okwaneleyo kunye nokuqina yimeko efunekayo ye-grooving yeendawo ezinzima. Ngokutsho kwe-Economan, "Okungcono ukuqina kwesixhobo somatshini kunye nokuphakama kwamandla, ngokugqithiseleyo i-grooving yezinto eziqinisiweyo. Kwizinto zokusebenza ze-workpiece ezinobunzima obungaphezu kwe-50 HRC, izixhobo ezininzi zomshini wokukhanya azihlangabezani neemeko zokusika ezifunekayo. Ukuba umthamo womatshini (amandla, i-torque, kwaye ngokukodwa ukuqina) ugqithisiwe, ukucwangciswa komatshini akukwazi ukugqitywa ngempumelelo. "

Ukuqina kubaluleke kakhulu kwisixhobo sokubamba i-workpiece kuba indawo yoqhagamshelwano yomgca wokusika kunye ne-workpiece inkulu ngexesha lenkqubo ye-grooving, kwaye isixhobo senza uxinzelelo olukhulu kwi-workpiece. Xa ucinezela izixhobo zokusebenza zentsimbi, i-clamp ebanzi ingasetyenziselwa ukusasaza umphezulu obambezelayo. UPaul Ratzki, umphathi wezentengiso we-Sumitomo Electric Hard Alloy Co., uthe, "Iindawo eziza kufakwa kumatshini kufuneka zixhaswe ngokuqinileyo. Xa umatshini wokwenza izinto ezilukhuni, ukungcangcazela kunye noxinzelelo lwesixhobo oluveliswe zikhulu kakhulu kunoko xa kusenziwa ama-workpieces aqhelekileyo, anokubangela ukuba i-workpiece clamping.

I-shank ebambe i-grooving insert kufuneka ibe mfutshane kangangoko ukunciphisa i-overhang kunye nokwandisa ukuqina kwesixhobo. U-Matthew Schmitz, umphathi weemveliso ze-GRIP e-Isca, ubonisa ukuba ngokubanzi, izixhobo ze-monolithic zifanelekile ngakumbi kwi-grooving yezinto ezilukhuni. Nangona kunjalo, inkampani ikwabonelela ngenkqubo ye-grooving modular. "I-shank yemodyuli ingasetyenziswa kwiimeko zokutshiza apho isixhobo sinokusilela ngokukhawuleza," utshilo. "Akudingeki ukuba utshintshe i-shank yonke, kufuneka nje utshintshe icandelo elingabizi kakhulu. I-shank yemodyuli inikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha. Inkqubo ye-modular ye-Iskar ye-Grip inokufakwa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo. Ungasebenzisa umnini wesixhobo kunye ne-7 yamagqabi ahlukeneyo kwimigca yemveliso ye-7 okanye naliphi na inani lee-blades ze-processing ezahlukeneyo Umgca wemveliso ofanayo kunye nobubanzi be-slot. "

Sumitomo EIzixhobo ze-lectric zokubamba ukufakwa kohlobo lwe-CGA zisebenzisa indlela yokudibanisa ephezulu etsala iblade emva kwisibambi. Esi sibambeli sikwabonisa isikrufu esisecaleni sokunceda ukuphucula uzinzo kunye nokwandisa ubomi besixhobo. U-Rich Maton, umphathi oncedisayo wesebe loyilo lwenkampani, wathi, "Lo mphathi wesixhobo senzelwe i-grooving of workpieces olukhuni. Ukuba i-blade ihamba kumnini, i-blade igugile ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nobomi besixhobo sitshintsha. Kwiimfuno eziphezulu zemveliso yoshishino lweemoto (ezifana ne-50-100 okanye i-150 yesixhobo esibalulekileyo sobomi), uqikelelo olubalulekileyo kwisixhobo sobomi kunye ne-150 eguquguqukayo. ubomi bunokuba nempembelelo enkulu kwimveliso."

Ngokweengxelo, uthotho lweMitsubishi Materials 'GY inkqubo yemodyuli ye-Tri-Lock ye-grooving ithelekiseka ngokungqongqo kunye nee-chucks ezidibeneyo. Inkqubo ibambelela ngokuthembekileyo ii-grooving blades ukusuka kumacala amathathu (i-peripheral, front and top). Uyilo lwalo olubini lwesakhiwo luthintela ukuba i-blade isuswe ngexesha le-grooving: i-V-shaped projection ivimbela i-blade ukuba ihambe emacaleni; isitshixo sokhuseleko siphelisa ukuhamba phambili kwe-blade okubangelwa amandla okusika ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-slot machining.

Ukufakwa kwe-grooving ngokuqhelekileyo kwiingxenye zetsimbi eziqinileyo ziquka ukufakwa kwesikwere esilula, ukufakela ukwenza, ukufaka okufakiwe, kunye nokunye okunjalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iigrooves ezisikiweyo zifuneka ukuba zibe nokugqiba okulungileyo ngenxa yokuba zinesahlulo sokukhwelana, kwaye ezinye ziyi-O-rings okanye i-snap ring grooves. Ngokutsho kukaMark Menconi, ingcali yeemveliso kwiMitsubishi Materials, "Ezi nkqubo zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-machining yangaphakathi ye-groove machining kunye ne-diameter yangaphandle ye-groove machining, kodwa uninzi lwemisebenzi ye-grooving ifuna ukusika okulungileyo, kuquka ukuchaneka kokukhanya okucacileyo ukusuka malunga ne-0.25 mm ubunzulu bokusika.

I-grooving yentsimbi eqinile idinga ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinobunzima obuphezulu, ukuchasana nokugqoka okungcono kunye nejometri efanelekileyo. Into ephambili kukufumanisa ukuba ingaba i-carbide insert, i-ceramic insert okanye i-PCBN ifakwe kufuneka isetyenziswe. U-Schmitz uthe, "Phantse ndihlala ndikhetha ukufaka i-carbide xa ndisenza ii-workpieces ezinobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-50 HRC. Izixhobo zokusebenza ezinobunzima be-50-58 HRC, ukufakwa kwe-ceramics lukhetho olunoqoqosho kakhulu. Kuphela xa i-workpiece ye-CBN ifakela kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngenxa yobunzima ukuya kwi-58 HRC. isixhobo/ujongano lomsebenzi Nyibilikisa imathiriyeli.

Kwi-grooving yamacandelo entsimbi eqinile kunye nobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-58 HRC, ulawulo lwe-chip aluyongxaki. Ekubeni i-grooving eyomileyo idla ngokusetyenziswa, ii-chips zifana nothuli okanye iincinci ezincinci kwaye zinokususwa ngokubetha ngesandla. U-Sumitomo Electric's Maton uthe, "Ngesiqhelo, olu hlobo lwe-swarf luya kuphuka kwaye luqhekeke xa lubetha nantoni na, ngoko ke ukudibanisa kwe-swarf kunye ne-workpiece akuyi kuwonakalisa umsebenzi. Ukuba ubamba i-swarf, baya kutyumza esandleni sakho. ”

Esinye sezizathu zokuba i-CBN ifake i-CBN ifanelekile ukusika okomileyo kukuba nangona ukuxhathisa ukushisa kukuhle kakhulu, ukusebenza kokucubungula kuncitshiswe kakhulu kwimeko yokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa. I-Economan ithi, "Enyanisweni, xa i-CBN ifakela idibene ne-workpiece material, ivelisa ubushushu bokusika kwincam, kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-CBN ifake i-CBN ingaguquguqukiyo kwiinguqu zeqondo lokushisa, kunzima ukupholisa ngokwaneleyo ukugcina ubushushu obuqhubekayo. Umbuso. I-CBN inzima kakhulu, kodwa iphinde ibe brittle kwaye inokugqabhuka ngenxa yotshintsho lobushushu. "

Xa usika iindawo zetsimbi ezinobunzima obuphantsi (ezifana ne-45-50 HRC) kunye ne-carbide ene-cemented, i-ceramic okanye i-PCBN yokufaka, ii-chips eziveliswayo kufuneka zibe zifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kususa ngokufanelekileyo ukushisa kokusika kwisixhobo sesixhobo ngexesha lenkqubo yokusika kuba ii-chips zinokuthwala ubushushu obukhulu.

Ngabakar's Schmitz ikwacebisa ukuba isixhobo siqwalaselwe kwimo "eguqulweyo". Wachaza wathi, "Xa ufaka isixhobo kwisixhobo somatshini, isixhobo esikhethiweyo somakhi womatshini sifakwe ngokusika ubuso be-blade phezulu, njengoko oku kuvumela ukujikeleza kwendawo yokusebenza ukuba ikhuphe uxinzelelo oluphantsi kumatshini womatshini ukuze ugcine umatshini uzinzile. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-blade inqunyulwa kwizinto zokusebenza, iitshiphu ezibunjiweyo zingahlala kwi-blade kunye nesixhobo esisezantsi siphendulelwe phezulu, kwaye isixhobo siphendulelwe phezulu. i-blade ayiyi kubonakala, kwaye ukuhamba kwe-chip kuya kusinda ngokuzenzekelayo kwindawo yokusika phantsi kwesenzo sobunzima."

Ukuqina komphezulu yindlela elula yokuphucula ukuqina kwentsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni. Umgaqo kukunyusa umxholo wekhabhoni kubunzulu obuthile phantsi kwendawo yezinto. Xa ubunzulu be-grooving budlula ubukhulu bomgangatho owenziwe lukhuni, ezinye iingxaki zinokuvela ngenxa yokutshintsha kwe-grooving blade ukusuka kwizinto ezinzima ukuya kwizinto ezithambileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abavelisi bezixhobo baye baphuhlisa amabakala aliqela eblade kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli yomsebenzi.

UDuane Drape, umphathi wentengiso kwi-Horn (e-USA), uthe, "Xa utshintsha ukusuka kwizinto ezinzima ukuya kwizinto ezithambileyo, umsebenzisi akasoloko efuna ukutshintsha i-blade, ngoko kufuneka sifumane isixhobo esilungileyo solu hlobo lomatshini. Ukuba i-carbide efakwe kwi-cemented isetyenzisiweyo, iya kuhlangabezana nengxaki yokugqoka ngokugqithiseleyo xa i-blade inqumla indawo enzima, ukuba i-CBN isetyenzisiweyo kulula ukusika i-soft surface, ukuba i-CBN isetyenziselwa ukusika izinto ezilula. ukonakalisa i-blade. Singasebenzisa i-compromise: i-high hardness ifaka i-carbide + i-coatings e-lubricated super, okanye i-CBN ethambileyo ifake amabakala + ukufakwa kokusika okufanelekileyo ukusika izinto eziqhelekileyo (kunokuba machining onzima)."

U-Drape uthe, "Ungasebenzisa i-CBN inserts ukusika ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo zokusebenza kunye nobunzima be-45-50 HRC, kodwa i-blade geometry kufuneka ihlengahlengiswe. Ufakelo lwe-CBN oluqhelekileyo lune-chamfer engathandekiyo kwi-edge yokusika. Le chamfer engathandekiyo ye-CBN ifakela ithambile kumatshini. Xa i-workpiece isetyenzisiweyo, izinto eziphathekayo ziya kuba nefuthe eliphantsi le-CBN kunye nobomi obufutshane. ubunzima busetyenziswa kwaye ijometri yomgca wokusika itshintshiwe, i-workpiece material enobunzima be-45-50 HRC inokunqunyulwa ngempumelelo."

I-S117 HORN ifake i-grooving ephuhliswe yinkampani isebenzisa i-PCBN tip, kwaye ubunzulu bokusika bu malunga ne-0.15-0.2 mm xa ububanzi begiya bunqunywe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuze kuphunyezwe ukugqiba umgangatho omhle, i-blade ine-scraping plane nganye kwimida yokusika kumacala omabini.

Enye inketho kukutshintsha iiparamitha zokusika. Ngokutsho kwe-Index's Economan, "Emva kokusika kwi-layer eqiniweyo, iiparitha zokusika ezinkulu zinokusetyenziswa. Ukuba ubunzulu obunzima buyi-0.13mm okanye i-0.25mm kuphela, emva kokusika kulobu bunzulu, mhlawumbi ii-blades ezahlukeneyo zitshintshwa okanye zisasebenzisa i-blade efanayo, kodwa ukwandisa iiparitha zokusika ukuya kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo."

Ukuze kugubungele uluhlu olubanzi processing, PCBN blade amabakala ziyanda. Amanqanaba aphezulu obunzima avumela isantya sokusika ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa amabakala anobunzima obungcono anokusetyenziswa kwiindawo zokucwangcisa ezingazinzanga. Ukusika okuqhubekayo okanye okuphazamisekileyo, amabakala ahlukeneyo okufaka i-PCBN nawo angasetyenziswa. I-Sumitomo Electric's Maton yabonisa ukuba ngenxa yobunzima bezixhobo ze-PCBN, iindawo ezibukhali zokusika zivame ukutshiza xa kusenziwa intsimbi eqinile. "Kufuneka sikhusele umda wokusika, ngakumbi ekusikeni okuphazamisekileyo, umphetho wokusika kufuneka ulungiswe ngaphezu kokusikwa ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye i-angle yokusika kufuneka ibe nkulu."

Iskar&I-#39; i-IB10H kunye ne-IB20H amabakala amatsha asanda kwandisa ukwandisa umgca wemveliso we-Groove Turn PCBN. I-IB10H yinqanaba le-PCBN elichanekileyo eliphakathi ukuya kwisantya esiphezulu sokusika ngokuqhubekayo kwentsimbi eqinile; ngelixa i-IB20H iqulethe iinkozo zePCBN ezilungileyo kunye neziphakathi, ezibonelela ngokumelana nokunxiba kunye nokuchasana kwempembelelo. Ibhalansi inokumelana neemeko ezinzima zentsimbi eqinile iphazamise ukusika. Imowudi yokungaphumeleli eqhelekileyo yesixhobo se-PCBN kufuneka ibe kukuba umgca wokusika ugugile kunokuba uqhekeke ngokukhawuleza okanye uqhekeke.

Inqanaba le-PCBN elifakwe kwi-BNC30G elaziswa yi-Sumitomo Electric lisetyenziselwa ukuphazamisa i-grooving ye-workpieces yentsimbi eqinile. Ukuqhuba igrooving, inkampani icebisa iBN250 ibakala leblade jikelele. UMaton uthe, "Xa usika ngokuqhubekayo, i-blade iyasikwa ixesha elide, eliya kuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi bokusika. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-blade kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle. Kwimeko ye-grooving engapheliyo, i-blade ingena ngokuqhubekayo kwaye iphuma ekusikeni. Inempembelelo enkulu kwi-tip. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-blade kunye ne-blade enokuthi imelane ngokufanelekileyo, i-blade kunye nefuthe elihle. ikwanceda ekwandiseni ubomi besixhobo. "

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni lwe-groove eyenziwa ngoomatshini, ii-workshops eziye zaxhomekeke ekusileni ukugqiba iinxalenye zetsimbi eziqinisiweyo zingaguqulelwa kwi-grooving kunye nezixhobo ze-PCBN zokwandisa imveliso. I-hard grooving inokufikelela ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional xa kuthelekiswa nokusila, ngelixa kunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lomatshini.